一、常见列举用转折词语

1. for one thing, for another, above all things;

2. to begin/start with, next/besides/moreover, last/finally;

3. in the first place, in the second, in the third, (and) best of/worst of all;

4. one of these, another,(there is) still another(reason/factor);

上述词组的意思是：

1. 首先；其次；*重要的是；

2. 首先；然后/此外/而且；*后；

3. ，首先；第二；第三；*好的是/*糟糕的是；

4. 其中一个；另一个；还有一个（原因/因素）；

二、常见对比转折词语

1. but, but on the contrary, but on the other hand, but then;

2. by contrast, in contrast, in contrast with/to, as a contrast to, as opposed to;

3. by contraries, on the contrary, to the contrary, contrary to (A), opposite to, in opposition to;

4. whereas, while, while on the other hand, while on the whole, yet, however;

5. (as) compared with/to, by comparison, in comparison with, by comparison to

6. First..., Next..., Last...;

7. In the first / early / initial / infant period / stage / phase（或In its infancy）..., In the second / middle / adult / ripe period / stage / phase..., In the third / last / closing / later / concluding period...;

8. One step (way/course/approach/secret/trick)..., Another step..., Still another step...;

9. The first measure/step/move..., Next to it comes..., And the last/final/the most important measure...;

10. The direct experience/lesson/factor/way（或One lesson）... The indirect experience/lesson/factor/way（或The other lesson）...

上述词组的意思是：

1. 但是；但相反地；但另一方面；但是接下去；

2. 通过对比；经过对比；经与…对比；作为与…的对比；作为…的对照；

3. 相反；相反；相反；与A相反；与…相反；与…相反；

4. 然而；然而；然而另一方面；然而整体而言；然而；然而；

5. 跟…相比

6. 首先…；其次…；*后…；

7. 在个/早期/开始/婴儿时期/阶段；在第二个/中间/成人/成熟时期/阶段；在第三个/*后/结束/后面的阶段；

8. 一个措施/方法/做法/秘密/计策是…；另一个措施是…；还有一个措施是…；

9. 个措施是…；接着是…；*后一个/*重要的措施是…；

10. 直接经验/教训/因素/途径是（一个教训是）…；间接经验/教训/因素/途径是（另一个教训是）…

三、常见对比转折句型

1. But the obvious (fatal/serious) flaw (defect/drawback) in their argument (attitude/idea/view/action/behavior) is that.../But the basic (main/great/key/ big) problem with their argument (...) is that...

e.g. ...that they are ignorant of (blind to) a bare fact: Social changes have attached new meanings and values to the division between good and bad.

2. But if...it is (not) easy (difficult/hard) to see (find/discover) that ...

e.g. But if they adjust their frame of mind a little in the other direction , it is not hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before.

3. Too much emphasis (attention/stress/concern/significance) placed on (given to/focused on/attached to/paid to) the negative (sunny/gloomy/bright) side of the issue, however, may...（如mislead/confuse/cloud/bias/disturb our judgment of it.）A

e.g. ..., however, may mislead us to form a pessimistic estimate of current situations. 或..., however, may stop us from rendering (passing/forming/having) a fair (correct/clear/infallible/wise) judgment on it.

4. But in most cases/from the point of view of justice (objectivity)/as a matter of fact/in a very true sense, their (public/general) satisfaction (dissatisfaction/disillusionment/concern) with...（或their criticism of.../their argument for/against.../their objection to.../their approval for...）can not.../is..., for...

e.g. But in an impartial sense, the public dissatisfaction can not hold every water, for our society is still abundant in goodness and beauty.

5. As a result of..., however, things would/are bound to...

e.g. As a result of such an utter indifference to vicious behavior, however , things would be past saving/mending/all the hope.

上述句型的意思是：

1. 但他们辩论/态度/观点/看法/行为中的明显/致命的/严重的缺点/缺陷是…；他们辩论的基本/*大/主要问题在于…

例：…他们忽视了一个赤裸裸的事实：社会变革给善恶的区分赋予了新的意义和价值。

2. 但如果…很（不）容易/难发现…

例：但如果他们稍微调整一下思路，就不难发现生活还是跟以前一样前途光明。