朗阁海外考试研究中心 徐晓青
我们一般把雅思口语中的物件类话题分为两大类:具体(concrete)物体类和抽象(abstract)物体类。在今年的考试中,朗阁老师明显发现抽象物体类话题的比重远大于具体物体类,并达到了具体物体类的一倍之多。
话题如下图所示:
具体(concrete)物体类 |
抽象(abstract)物体类 |
1. A useful thing you borrowed from other people 2. A product that you bought and felt happy with 3. A photo of yourself you have taken 4. A piece of clothes that is given by someone 5. A toy you received when you were a child |
1. A law of environment you would like to see in the future 2. A perfect job that you would like to have in the future 3. An important conversation that influenced you 4. A family not your own that you like 5. A new skill you plan to learn 6. Success that you experienced in your life 7. A difficult decision that you had to make 8. A goal you want to achieve in the future 9. A kind of sport you learnt for the first time 10. A dream you had 11. A dinner you had with your friends you enjoyed |
由此,我们可以看到雅思官方对于物体类话题中的抽象话题是极为重视的。这一类话题也确实难倒了很多雅思考生。因为它们具有如下特点:范围宽广,虚无缥缈。虽说雅思考试以学生的语言运用能力为基准打分,但是很多时下话题如关于环境的法律,一份完美的工作,一次困难的决定等都是让人一时摸不着头脑的题。因此,当遇到抽象物体类话题时,很多考生表示自己的表现就大打折扣了:因为不知道说什么,更不知道怎么说。虽然具有良好的遣词造句能力,但是由于缺乏一定的素材而不知从何说起。由于思考时间的限制,自然而然很多考生的流利度也受到了一定的影响。因此,在考试中,通常抽象物体类话题是大家*为畏惧的。
此次,朗阁雅思培训老师将和大家一起以a perfect job为例,来解析这一类话题。并且这里将给大家推荐BCP结构进行Part2话题拓展。
Describe a perfect job you would like to have in the future
You should say
What it is
How you can get this job
What kind of work you would do for the job
And explain why you want to have it
首先,我们要做的是按照关键词进行思维发散,把话题普遍化。大家要明确的一点是:a perfect job并不需要公认的完美,并非只存在一份这样的工作,只需自己眼中觉得完美即可。因此,我们可以把话题简化为:描述一份你想要的好工作。这样我们就可以很好地把话题和自身联系起来,不需要再从茫茫工作中去排列比较哪个才是*完美的了,这样也就可以很好的节省大家构思话题的时间了。
选择话题时,通常建议学生可以选择一些跟自身专业相关的工作。如对于跟金融专业相关的同学来说,你们可以选择经济分析师economic analyst这样的工作。如设计学专业的同学可以选择服装设计师fashion designer。当然大家也可以从自身的兴趣爱好出发来进行话题选择,如果你喜欢网络游戏,并且了解网游,你也可以说3D模型师3D modeler。当然如果你一直对旅游感兴趣又喜欢出远门的话,那工作就可以选国际导游international tour guide。
选定话题后,我们可以开始进行一定的基本信息构思。基本信息也就是上文提到的BCP结构中的B(basic information), 主要包括what; when; where; who; why; how; how often; how long这几个基本信息。通常基本信息点能够涵盖抽象物体类话题中的前两个问题,这样我们就能够把前面两个问题很好的回答了。以international tour guide为例:
When it comes to a perfect job I am rather keen on in the future, the first one pops into my mind is international tour guide.(what) I have always longed for this job since I was in the secondary school.(when)At that time, one of my elder sisters quitted her job as a lawyer. After procuring the certificate of international guide and being employed by the travelling agency, she took up the new job. That was the first time I heard this sort of work. (how)According to my mother’s description, it is a real ideal job that it enables people to tour around the world while making a living. I hope I could be qualified to do the job in five years.(who)
BCP结构中的C(Content), 指的是抽象物体的内容。抽象物体自身的特点就是抽象,因此如果我们用描述内容的方式来把这类物体具体化,这样化抽象为具体,就可以让听者很好地了解我们想表达的内容。同时,如果我们纵览抽象物件类话题的第三个提示,通常就会发现,几乎都是需要说话人阐述内容的。
话题 |
第三个提示 |
A law of environment you would like to see in the future |
What is the law about |
A perfect job that you would like to have in the future |
What kind of work you would do for the job |
An important conversation that influenced you |
What you talked about |
A dream you had |
What you did or said in the dream |
A kind of sport you learnt for the first time |