2018年6月30日托福考试回忆总结。噔噔噔~新鲜出炉的托福考试回忆来啦!又有曾经考过的真题再次考了哦,还不快把真题都做起来?
口语部分
Task 1
Your school plans to replace the long summer vocation with several short breaks. Do you agree with this policy?
答题思路:
Students may be disappointed
Reasons:
1.A lot of them have big plans like traveling, for that two-month holiday
Long holiday motivates them to go through tons of school assignments and endless tests.
2.Without the long holiday vocation, students may easily feel frustrated.
3.Short breaks won’t be as effective as the long summer holiday, because students like enjoying a long journey in some far-away places, especially islands or exotic countries since in this way, they’d feel that they could finally get away from the school work and unwind. 参考*理由—旅行/放松
Task2
Decisions made by group are better than those made individually.
答题思路
I don’t believe group decisions are always better than those made by individual alone.
Reasons:
1.Individuals often try to stick to what they think as the group consensus since they want to be “team players” rather than someone who goes against the whole group.
2.However, such a behavior may lead to undesirable results. In contrast, when left alone, individuals could clear their thoughts and balance the pros and cons of each option in a relatively less distractive environment, therefore making a wiser decision.
3. Moreover, it usually takes a long time for a whole group to reach agreement.
In such case, individual decision-making is more efficient.
Task3
说一个人拿到了NYC的job,但是跟毕业典礼冲突。
Task4
学生写信建议学校暑期开设 Book clubs,因为学生有时间二学生可以借此社交。不同意,因为一没时间,二其他活动可以参与。
Task5
illusion of control例子很难讲,就是两组被试去开开关,其实灯是控制好的。*组没奖励,第二组有奖励,第二组有奖励就会觉得自己开开关决定了灯亮。
Task6
两种小动物变大吓跑天敌的方法。*个是鱼喝海水,然后身体膨胀,鲨鱼就跑了;第二是蜘蛛,可以融合在网里,显得自己腿很长很粗很大,吓走鸟。
作文部分
综合写作
阅读主旨:新西兰的owl parrots的灭绝很难避免。
1. Low reproduction rate
2. High rate of egg mortality
3. A predator
听力部分:这三个问题都可以解决。
1. 这种parrot只有在食物充足的情况下才繁殖。所以增加充足的食物供给。Breed frequently
2. 这种parrot是夜行动物,晚上离开鸟巢,导致egg的周边温度太低。所以*blankets温度
3. 把*护区转移到一个remote island,这样predator就不怎么能游过来了
独立写作 重复 2012年2月的真题
Some people have ambitious dreams and keep following them, but other people always focus on realistic goals and try to achieve them. Which do you think is better?
主题段示范:
Ambitious dream=>可望不可及=>缺乏实现的途径和资质=>浪费了时间
Firstly, an ambitious dream would waste pursuers’ time. To be more specific, an ambitious dream is usually far away from one’s life, which would usually result in less clues to the fulfillment of the dream. As a result, despite the efforts, one may end up getting nowhere and achieving nothing. For example, my cousin, Sam, loved singing, and aspired to be a pop star. In spite of the opposition from his family, which is mainly composed of engineers, he moved to Beijing to pursue his singing career. However, in a singing competition, he was told by a referee that he was not a qualified vocalist because of his less-than-satisfactory pitch, tone quality and showmanship, which are all prerequisite for success in the field. Dismal at the result, he suffered a mental breakdown and was hospitalized for two weeks. As he confessed to me lately, all his endeavors to become a singer for three years were in vain.
阅读部分
1. 玛雅的突然衰弱和农业的关联
推断之间的关联,一种说法是人口比较多。一种说法是肯定有农业生产条件密集耕种等原因,很有可能由于没有管理好。之后时间上和历史上的大干旱一致。
2. 北美生物灭绝和人类的关系
一些人来到美洲捕杀导致美洲的巨型动物灭绝。一些人提出反对意见,肯定还有其他的原因,例如干旱,或者说一种生态环中的动物被捕杀导致整个生态系统出问题,而使得一些没有被捕杀的动物也灭绝。然后红非洲大象说明了上述的生态系统影响。(和TPO54的第二篇阅读有点像)
3. 两种蜥蜴lizard的相似和不同
一种sit-and-wait,一种moving。各自的猎物不同,应对天地的策略不同,身体*能量的方式也有不同。(是非常适合考填表题的题目,但*后还是考了总结题)
4. 植物的succession
一个地方的植物种类更迭因素和规律。森林被火烧了,形成了比较利于一些树生长的条件(高温阳光),等一种树生长之后,却创造了另外一些植被茂密的条件,例如阴影和普通温度,反而不利于自己的生长了。由此互相竞争,*后达到climax community。*终的climax community基本上都是由当地的气候导致的。
个别词汇题
Shrinkage
Exhaustive
Influential
Elongate
Inevitability
听力部分
Conversation
1.学生去图书馆问为什么网上打不开一个论文的链接。
学生去图书馆问为什么网上打不开一个论文的链接。图书管理员解释是因为数据库公司停止了部分数据链接的*。然而他要的数据正好不被*(有听到重点),学生研究的是技术发展对美国总统选举的影响。
2.学生找教授问language poetry意思。
关于 language poem。学生听不懂,教授讲解这个poem,告诉学生不需要去猜意思,因为内容很直接,学生关键是形成自己的feeling。
3.一个女学生找教授询问课上没讲完的东西,和生物相关,有关动物速度。
学生问关于课堂上讲的animal eye size的方面有点问题,eye size和speed有关,还有没有其他比如动物什么时候捕食,比如晚上捕食的动物应该有bigger eye size. 老师说没错,但*重要的也是和eye size关系*密切的还是maxim speed,有一个 Laucket‘s Law认为越快的动物,eye size越大。后来举了一个cheetah的例子。*后老师说到一个问题,我们怎么知道这些动物达到了maxim speed,会用很多方法,比如在vehicle上追逐这些动物。
4.学生跟老师申请加入新的研究小组,想去zoo实习。
Lecture
1.琥珀化石对于研究古代生物的优势。
因为这个东西可以*存有机物,所以能重建过去的生态系统。
2.塞缪尔·约翰逊传记文学风格和理论。
3.bioethanol的制作和优缺点。
讲代替化石燃料的bioethanol,可以通过sugar、starch、cellulose来产生。说cellulose*难利用,讲starch淀粉的时候还举了人体内的一种enzyme(考点),弊端是absorb水,因此应用到汽车引擎的时候会需要新的pipe。
4.太阳黑子和太阳风暴 卫星磁场和solar wind之间的关系。
5.农业技术,从水植到空气植株的垂直农业发展。
区别于传统的farming方法,有一些创新的方法,*个是 hydroponics,在water里加入植物所需的nutrients,这个其实早在1929年就有,学生对此表示很惊叹。 另外一种方法是 aeroponics ,植物被hang up,空气中会*植物所需的moisture和nutrients. 这些方法区别于传统的灌溉方法,能够更好的控制水量、营养、光照等因素。它们属于vertical farming ,可以在abandoned building中种植物,不仅可以在city center让人们离绿植更近,更能减少shipping cost。
6.开头professor就提到我们要讲一下temple,其中要重点讲到古希腊的temple, Lindian Temple Chronicle。就像在museum里一样,收藏什么,收藏的东西如何分类,如何陈列,这些都可以看出collector‘s perspective. 对于 Lindian Temple Chronicle,它的完成也体现了人们自己的perspective。
7.我们观察月亮的时候,发现上面有一些mark,呈现curly的形状,并且pale的颜色,科学家们把它叫做 lunar swirls。开始科学家们觉得很奇怪,并猜测它是不是crater,后来再进一步探究中,科学家们认为lunar swirl的出现和magnetism有关, 并且提出了一个solar wind deflection hypothesis理论。目前仍然存在一些问题未解决。lunar swirls更多存在于far side of the moon,但是会受到near side magnetism的影响。
8. 文学上的一个*的Movement叫做Lotipo,这个更多是运用各种技巧,比如,老师举例说了一个作家HS,在他的一部作品里,避免使用字母e,而在另一部作品里,vowel中只使用e. 学生质疑其意义,老师又说这其实并不能称作为文学风格,但也创作出不少masterpiece。
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