词汇题在每篇托福阅读中会考察3到5题。本题属于简单题,并且占分多,小编搜集了一些例题及其解析,有需要的小伙伴一起来看看吧!
1. 首先,让我们先来认识词汇题。
The word X in the passage is closest in meaning to …
The phrase X in the passage is closest in meaning to…
根据OG上对我们的提示说,“The question is asking for the meaning as it is used in the passage.”也就是说本题考察的单词都是在原文语境中的意思。但是,通过我们大范围研究TPO和对题目全面的分析,本题基本是在考察单词的最常用意思。所以做好这道题的关键还是在于是否将单词常用意记得牢,背得好。
2. 词汇题根据做题方式,可以分为两种:1 Choosing the answer without the passage;2 Choosing the answer according to the context。
第一种就是当你看到这个单词,不用回头看文章就已经知道这个词的意思。那这时候直接选出答案就可以了。第二种就是你并不认识这个词,这时候可以根据上下文语境来推测出来。下面将分别举关于这两种做题方法的例子,具体说明。
3.例题:
例子一:可以直接看出意思,不用看文章的词汇题:
Paragraph 2: The researchers Peter Ucko and Andree Rosenfeld identified three principal locations of paintings in the caves of western Europe: (1) in obviously inhabited rock shelters and cave entrances; (2) in galleries immediately off the inhabited areas of caves; and (3) in the inner reaches of caves, whose difficulty of access has been interpreted by some as a sign that magical-religious activities were performed there.
The word “principal” in the passage is closest in meaning to
major likely well protected distinct
解析:“principal”是个简单词汇,可能很多高中生都知道,这个词除了“准则”这个名词含义之外,还有形容词性的“重要,主要”之意,所以就直接选到A选项的major,也就是“主要,重要”的意思。(其他选项的意思:likely,可能的,有希望的;well protected,被很好得保护的;distinct,截然不同的,完全分开的。)
例子二:根据前后文语境选出正确答案。
Paragraph 3: The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no backdrops or environmental trappings.
The word “trappings” in the passage is closest in meaning to
conditions problems influences decorations
解析:我们都知道trapping是陷阱的意思,但是trappings是什么意思,还不得而知。这时候我们就要回到原文,根据上下文太推测。原文说:“The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no backdrops or environmental trappings”。原文翻译为:绘画的主题大部分是动物。这些画被放置在光秃秃的墙上,没有背景和环境的trappings。看到这里可以知道的是trappings和backdrops(背景)是一种并列的关系,所以也应该是一种具象事物,是可以摸得着看得到的。知道这一点后,我们来对照选项。A 选项conditions:条件;B选项problems:问题;C选项influences:影响,这些明显都是抽象名词,所以可以全部排除。D选项decorations是装饰的意思,刚好和背景相对应。将其带入原文验证,说的是这些画被放置在光秃秃的墙上,没有背景和环境上的装饰。符合逻辑并且读起来也很通顺,所以正确选项就是D。
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