聚焦雅思阅读较常见的考点

本篇雅思培训，朗阁老师分别从两个角度介绍了雅思阅读考试当中常见的一些考点，希望对广大考生有所帮助。

本篇雅思培训，朗阁分别从两个角度介绍了雅思阅读考试当中常见的一些考点，希望对广大考生有所帮助。

雅思阅读考试只是测试考生对字面的阅读理解能力，不会对文章背后的深层内容作仔细的考查。所以在这样一种限制的情况之下，只要付出一定的努力，对考试内容作一个系统总结，一定可以把这种考试的常见考点（即测试规律）概括出来。下面是笔者通过多年的教学经验，总结出来的一些雅思阅读考试的规律：

从大的方面入手，这项考试要做的事情就两件：定位和判断。定位指的是找到每一道题目在文章中精确的对应句；判断指的是将题目在文章中定位后，根据文章的内容细节确定题目的答案。每一位考生面对考题的时候，不管是先读文章，还是先读题目，都要利用这两步来把题目做对。定位时要对雅思阅读中常见的十二种类型的题目顺序有一个非常细致的了解，定位之后的判断要对文章中对应的句子认真阅读，仔细对比题目和文章的对应关系，从而确定题目的答案。任何一位考生要想拿到自己期望的都要从这两方面入手。

下面根据笔者的经验，从两个方面（读题目和读文章）入手概述一下在读到哪些内容时要特别注意，因为那些地方非常容易出现考点。

角度一：读题目时特别要注意的考点

1、题目中的数据词

如果题目中出现了statistical, statistics, cost, fund, large number, percent, percentage等的时候，文章中相对应的句子会出现相对应的与数据相关的词。下面看几个例子：

例子一：

剑5 TEST 1 Passage 1 Q1 多项选择选项C. It was famous because of the large number of people involved. 题目中出现了数据词large number, 根据这个词在文章中找与题目意思有关的句子，并且其中有可能包括数据。在文章中第5段找到这么一句话：He was also helped by six assistants, two of whom died whilst the Dictionary was still in preparation.根据两句话的意思，6个助手不算一个比较大(large number)的数据，所以这个选项是不对的。

例子二：

剑5 TEST 1 Passage 2 Q17 the expected statistical outcome, 是一个段落细节题，让考生找这句话在文章中哪一段出现。题目有一个非常明显的数据词statistical, 根据猜测，文章中相对应的句子可能会出现数据。文章中D段：Prior to carrying out the experiment, Milgram explained his idea to a group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the average percentage of people in an ordinary population who would be willing to administer the highest shock level of 450 volts. ...... The psychiatrists felt that 'most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts' and they further anticipated that only four per cent would go up to 300 volts. Furthermore, they thought that only a lunatic fringe of about one in 1,000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts.。文章中的数据only four per cent和one in 1,000对应了题目中的statistical, 同时，文章中的predict the average percentage of people与题目中的expected statistical outcome相对应，所以这道题对应的句子应该是这段话。

例子三：

剑7 TEST 2 Passage 2 Q14 a cost involved in purifying domestic water, 这道题同样是一道段落细节题，让考生找出这句话在文章中哪一段出现。题目中的数据词是cost, 文章中应该会出现一些与钱和数据有关的词，在文章中可以非常明显地看到E段有很多数据：The costs included: £120m for removal of pesticides; £16m for removal of nitrates; £55m for removal of phosphates and soil; £23m for the removal of the bug cryptosporidium from drinking water by water companies.而判断的时候发现文章中的drinking water（饮用水）与题目中的domestic water（家庭用水）相对应，所以此题对应的就是文章的E段。

2、题目中的时间词

如果题目中出现了与较初(previous, original, originally, initial, initially, beginning, before, at first...)、较后(at last, later, end, finally, ultimately, eventually...)和现在(now, these days, current, currently, our time, with us...)有关的词，因为题目和文章内容的一致性，所以文章中也会出现相对应的词。

例子一：

剑5 TEST 2 Passage 3 Q28 In Europe, modem science emerged at the same time as the nation state. At first, the scientific language of choice remained __________.题目中有一个时间词at first（较初），到文章中找与前面相关的时间词，在文章第5段有这样一句话：There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin. 清晰地出现了时间词original, 根据这句话意思，题目应该填Latin。

例子二：

剑9 TEST 3 Passage 3 Q32 a reference to what Shannon initially intended to achieve in his research, 是一道段落细节题，是整个雅思考题中较难的题目。根据定位词Shannon和时间词initially, 在文章C段句(This all seems light years away from the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work, which began when he was a 22-year-old graduate engineering student at the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939.)里看到了定位词Shannon和时间词originally, 再仔细读句子的意思，两句话的意思对应得很紧密。所以此题应该选择C段。

例子三：

剑9 TEST 1 Passage 1 Q10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?, 题目中的时间词是finally, 而文章第8段中相对应句子是Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet)，题目中finally的时间对应词是later。

3、题目中的并列、因果、转折词

还是因为题目和文章意思的一致性，题目中的逻辑关系在文章中一般也会出现，出现较多的是并列关系、因果关系和转折关系。

1）并列关系词：and, as well as, first...second..., either...or..., neither...nor...

例子一：

剑九 TEST 1 Passage 1 Q4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous., 题目中出现了并列关系rich and famous, 根据定位词Perkin、young、discovery, 在文章中找到的对应句子是第3段中的：Perkin's scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann's attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann's youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune., 文章中出现了并列关系：fame and fortune, 根据同义替换关系，fame对应famous、fortune对应rich。这是一道判断题，所以这道题应该选择TRUE。

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